Tulsi Plant

Description

1. Botanical Information

• Botanical Name: Ocimum tenuiflorum (syn. Ocimum sanctum)

• Common Names: Tulsi, Holy Basil

• Family: Lamiaceae (Mint family)

• Type: Perennial aromatic herb

2. Origin & Distribution

• Native To: Indian subcontinent

• Widely cultivated across India, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Southeast Asia

• Grown in households, temples, and gardens for spiritual, medicinal, and ornamental value

• Naturalized in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide

3. Physical Characteristics

• Height & Spread: Typically grows 30–100 cm tall; bushy growth habit

• Leaves: Small, oval, green to purplish leaves; serrated edges; strongly aromatic

• Flowers: Small, purple or white flowers in terminal spikes

• Stem: Green to purplish; quadrangular (characteristic of mint family)

• Fragrance: Emits a strong, clove-like aroma due to essential oils

4. Growing Conditions

• Light: Prefers full sunlight (6–8 hours daily)

• Soil: Well-drained, fertile loamy soil rich in organic matter

• Watering: Requires regular but moderate watering; avoid waterlogging

• Temperature: Thrives in warm climates (20–35°C); sensitive to frost

• Humidity: Prefers moderate humidity but tolerates dry conditions

5. Maintenance & Care

• Pruning: Regular pinching encourages bushy growth and prevents legginess

• Fertilization: Benefits from organic compost or cow dung manure

• Pests/Diseases: May be affected by aphids, mealybugs, and fungal diseases; neem oil is effective

• Propagation: Commonly grown from seeds or stem cuttings

6. Uses & Benefits

• Medicinal Uses: Known as “Queen of Herbs” in Ayurveda; used to treat cough, cold, respiratory issues, stress, and digestive problems

• Religious Importance: Considered sacred in Hinduism; worshipped daily and used in rituals

• Environmental Benefits: Repels insects and mosquitoes; purifies air with antimicrobial properties

• Culinary Uses: Fresh leaves used in herbal teas, Ayurvedic tonics, and flavoring dishes

7. Lifespan

• Typically lives for 1–3 years under cultivation; can be perennial in tropical climates with proper care.